Class-tested and thoughtfully designed for student engagement, Principles of Organic Chemistry provides the tools and foundations needed by students in a short course or one-semester class on the subject. This book does not dilute the material or rely on rote memorization. Rather, it focuses on the underlying principles in order to make accessible the science that underpins so much of our day-to-day lives, as well as present further study and practice in medical and scientific fields. This book provides context and structure for learning the fundamental principles of organic chemistry, enabling the reader to proceed from simple to complex examples in a systematic and logical way.
Utilizing clear and consistently colored figures, Principles of Organic Chemistry begins by exploring the step-by-step processes (or mechanisms) by which reactions occur to create molecular structures. It then describes some of the many ways these reactions make new compounds, examined by functional groups and corresponding common reaction mechanisms. Throughout, this book includes biochemical and pharmaceutical examples with varying degrees of difficulty, with worked answers and without, as well as advanced topics in later chapters for optional coverage.
Key Features
- Incorporates valuable and engaging applications of the content to biological and industrial uses
- Includes a wealth of useful figures and problems to support reader comprehension and study
- Provides a high quality chapter on stereochemistry as well as advanced topics such as synthetic polymers and spectroscopy for class customization
1: Structure of Organic Compounds
- 1.1 Organic and Inorganic Compounds
- 1.2 Atomic Structure
- 1.3 Types of Bonds
- 1.4 Formal Charge
- 1.5 Resonance Structures
- 1.6 Predicting the Shapes of Simple Molecules
- 1.7 Orbitals and Molecular Shapes
- 1.8 Functional Groups
- 1.9 Structural Formulas
- 1.10 Isomers
- 1.11 Nomenclature
- Exercises
2: Properties of Organic Compounds
- 2.1 Structure and Physical Properties
- 2.2 Chemical Reactions
- 2.3 Acid–Base Reactions
- 2.4 Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
- 2.5 Classification of Organic Reactions
- 2.6 Chemical Equilibrium and Equilibrium Constants
- 2.7 Equilibria in Acid-Base Reactions
- 2.8 Effect of Structure on Acidity
- 2.9 Introduction to Reaction Mechanisms
- 2.10 Reaction Rates
- Exercises
3: Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
- 3.1 Classes of Hydrocarbons
- 3.2 Alkanes
- 3.3 Nomenclature of Alkanes
- 3.4 Conformations of Alkanes
- 3.5 Cycloalkanes
- 3.6 Conformations of Cycloalkanes
- 3.7 Physical Properties of Alkanes
- 3.8 Oxidation of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
- 3.9 Halogenation of Saturated Alkanes
- 3.10 Nomenclature of Haloalkanes
- Summary of Reactions
- Exercises
4: Alkenes and Alkynes
- 4.1 Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
- 4.2 Geometric Isomerism
- 4.3 E,Z Nomenclature of Geometrical
- 4.4 Nomenclature of Alkenes and Alkynes
- 4.5 Acidity of Alkenes and Alkynes
- 4.6 Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Alkynes
- 4.7 Oxidation of Alkenes and Alkynes
- 4.8 Addition Reactions of Alkenes and Alkynes
- 4.9 Mechanism of Addition Reactions
- 4.10 Hydration of Alkenes and Alkynes
- 4.11 Preparation of Alkenes and Alkynes
- 4.12 Alkadienes (Dienes)
- 4.13 Terpenes
- Summary of Reactions
- Exercises
5: Aromatic Compounds
- 5.1 Aromatic Compounds
- 5.2 Aromaticity
- 5.3 Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds
- 5.4 Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution
- 5.5 Structural Effects in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution
- 5.6 Interpretation of Rate Effects
- 5.7 Interpretation of Directing Effects
- 5.8 Reactions of Side Chains
- 5.9 Functional Group Modification
- 5.10 Synthesis of Substituted Aromatic Compounds
- Summary of Reactions
- Exercises
6: Stereochemistry
- 6.1 Configuration of Molecules
- 6.2 Mirror Images and Chirality
- 6.3 Optical Activity
- 6.4 Fischer Projection Formulas
- 6.5 Absolute Configuration
- 6.6 Molecules with Multiple Stereogenic Centers
- 6.7 Synthesis of Stereoisomers
- 6.8 Reactions that Produce Stereogenic Centers
- 6.9 Reactions that form Diastereomers
- Exercises
7: Nucleophilic Substitution and Elimination Reactions
- 7.1 Reaction Mechanisms and Haloalkanes
- 7.2 Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions
- 7.3 Nucleophilicity Versus Basicity
- 7.4 Mechanisms of Substitution Reactions
- 7.5 SN2 Versus SN1 Reactions
- 7.6 Mechanisms of Elimination Reactions
- 7.7 Effect of Structure on Competing Reactions
- Summary of Reactions
- Exercises
8: Alcohols and Phenols
- 8.1 The Hydroxyl Group
- 8.2 Physical Properties of Alcohols
- 8.3 Acid–Base Reactions of alcohols
- 8.4 Substitution Reactions of Alcohols
- 8.5 Dehydration of Alcohols
- 8.6 Oxidation of Alcohols
- 8.7 Synthesis of Alcohols
- 8.8 Phenols
- 8.9 Sulfur Compounds: Thiols and Thioethers
- Summary of Reactions
- Exercises
9: Ethers and Epoxides
- 9.1 Structure of Ethers
- 9.2 Nomenclature of Ethers
- 9.3 Physical Properties of Ethers
- 9.4 The Grignard Reagent and Ethers
- 9.5 Synthesis of Ethers
- 9.6 Reactions of Ethers
- 9.7 Synthesis of Epoxides
- 9.8 Reactions of Epoxides
- Summary of Reactions
- Exercises
10: Aldehydes and Ketones
- 10.1 The Carbonyl Group
- 10.2 Nomenclature of Aldehydes and Ketones
- 10.3 Physical Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones
- 10.4 Oxidation-Reduction Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds
- 10.5 Addition Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds
- 10.6 Synthesis of Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds
- 10.7 Addition Reactions of Oxygen Compounds
- 10.8 Formation of Acetals and Ketals
- 10.9 Addition of Nitrogen Compounds
- 10.10 Reactivity of the a-Carbon Atom
- 10.11 The Aldol Condensation
- Summary of Reactions
- Exercises
11: Carboxylic Acids and Esters
- 11.1 Carboxylic Acids and Acyl Groups
- 11.2 Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids
- 11.3 Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids
- 11.4 Acidity of Carboxylic Acids
- 11.5 Synthesis of Carboxylic Acids
- 11.6 Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution
- 11.7 Reduction of Acyl Derivatives
- 11.8 Esters and Anhydrides of Phosphoric Acid
- 11.9 The Claisen Condensation
- Summary of Reactions
- Exercises
12: Amines and Amides
- 12.1 Organic Nitrogen Compounds
- 12.2 Bonding and Structure of Amines
- 12.3 Structure and Classification of Amines and Amides
- 12.4 Nomenclature of Amines and Amides
- 12.5 Physical Properties of Amines
- 12.6 Basicity of Nitrogen Compounds
- 12.7 Solubility of Ammonium Salts
- 12.8 Nucleophilic Reactions of Amines
- 12.9 Synthesis of Amines
- 12.10 Hydrolysis of Amides
- 12.11 Synthesis of Amides
- Summary of Reactions
- Exercises
13: Carbohydrates
- 13.1 Classification of Carbohydrates
- 13.2 Chirality of Carbohydrates
- 13.3 Hemiacetals and Hemiketals
- 13.4 Conformations of Monosaccharides
- 13.5 Reduction of Monosaccharides
- 13.6 Oxidation of Monosaccharides
- 13.7 Glycosides
- 13.8 Disaccharides
- 13.9 Polysaccharides
- Summary of Reactions
- Exercises
14: Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
- 14.1 Proteins and Polypeptides
- 14.2 Amino Acids
- 14.3 Acid–Base Properties of a-Amino Acids
- 14.4 Isoionic Point
- 14.5 Peptides
- 14.6 Peptide Synthesis
- 14.7 Determination of Protein Structure
- 14.8 Protein Structure
- Exercises
15: Synthetic Polymers
- 15.1 Natural and Synthetic Macromolecules
- 15.2 Structure and Properties of Polymers
- 15.3 Classification of Polymers
- 15.4 Methods of Polymerization
- 15.5 Addition Polymerization
- 15.6 Copolymerization of Alkenes
- 15.7 Cross-Linked Polymers
- 15.8 Stereochemistry of Addition Polymerization
- 15.9 Condensation Polymers
- 15.10 Polyesters
- 15.11 Polycarbonates
- 15.12 Polyamides
- 15.13 Polyurethanes
- Exercises
16: Spectroscopy
- 16.1 Spectroscopic Structure Determination
- 16.2 Spectroscopic Principles
- 16.3 Ultraviolet Spectroscopy
- 16.4 Infrared Spectroscopy
- 16.5 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- 16.6 Spin-Spin Splitting
- 16.7 13C NMR Spectroscopy
- Exercises
Solutions to In-Chapter Problems
- Chapter 1
- Chapter 2
- Chapter 3
- Chapter 4
- Chapter 5
- Chapter 6
- Chapter 7
- Chapter 8
- Chapter 9
- Chapter 10
- Chapter 11
- Chapter 12
- Chapter 13
- Chapter 14
- Chapter 15
- Chapter 16
- Ouellette/Rawn, Organic Chemistry: Structure, Mechanism, and Synthesis, 9780128007808, Jun. 2014, $250.00.
- Rice, Organic Chemistry Concepts and Applications for Medicinal Chemistry, 9780128007396, May 2014, $59.95.
- Silverman/Holladay, The Organic Chemistry of Drug Design and Drug Action, 3rd Edition, 9780123820303, May 2014, $99.95.
- Savin, Writing Reaction Mechanisms in Organic Chemistry, 3rd Edition, 9780124114753, Jul. 2014, $99.95.
- Smith, Organic Synthesis, 3rd Edition, 9781890661403, Jul. 2011, $130.00
Students and researchers in need of core content in Organic Chemistry, particularly pre-meds