By A. Damien Walmsley, BDS, MSc, PhD, FDSRCPS, Professor of Restorative Dentistry, The University of Birmingham, Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, South Birmingham Primary Care Trust, Birmingham, UK; Trevor F. Walsh, DDS, BDS, MSc, FDSRCS(Eng), Professor of Restorative Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK; Philip Lumley, BDS FDSRCPS MDentSci PhD FDSRCS Eng FDSRCS (Rest Dent) Ed, Professor of Endodontology, The University of Birmingham; Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, South Birmingham Primary Care Trust, Birmingham, UK; F. J. Trevor Burke, DDS, MSc, MD, S FDS, MGDS, RCS(Edin), FDSRCPS(Glas), FFGDP(UK), Professor of Primary Dental Care, The University of Birmingham; Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, South Birmingham Primary Care Trust, Birmingham, UK; A. C. Shortall, BDS, DDS, FDSRCPS, FFDRCS, Reader in Restorative Dentistry, The University of Birmingham; Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, South Birmingham Primary Care Trust, Birmingham, UK; Richard Hayes-Hall, BDS, DGDP(UK), Lecturer in Conservative Dentistry, The University of Birmingham; Associate Specialist in Restorative Dentistry, South Birmingham Primary Care Trust, Birmingham, UK and Iain Pretty, BDS(Hons), MSc, PhD, MFDS, RCS(Edin), Senior Lecturer in Restorative Dentistry, Dental School and Hospital Manchester, Manchester, UK