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Book Details
Crash Course – your effective every-day study companion PLUS the perfect antidote for exam stress! Save time and be assured you have the essential information you need in one place to excel on your course and achieve exam success.
A winning formula now for over 25 years, having sold over 1 million copies and translated in over 8 languages, each series volume has been fine-tuned and fully updated to make your life easier. Especially written by senior students or junior doctors/residents – those who understand what is essential for exam success – with all information thoroughly checked and quality assured by expert Faculty Advisers, the result is books that exactly meet your needs and you know you can trust.
Each chapter guides you succinctly through the full range of curriculum topics in the MLA syllabus, integrating clinical considerations with the relevant basic science and avoiding unnecessary or confusing detail. Text boxes help you get to the hints, tips and key points you need fast! A fully revised self-assessment section matching the latest exam formats is included to check your understanding and aid exam preparation. The accompanying enhanced, downloadable eBook completes this invaluable learning package.
Series volumes have been honed to meet the requirements of today’s medical students, although the range of other health students and professionals who need rapid access to the essentials of metabolism and nutrition will also love the unique approach of Crash Course. Whether you need to get out of a fix or aim for a distinction Crash Course is for you!
This fully updated edition seamlessly integrates biochemistry and clinical practice in endocrinology, metabolism and nutrition. Covering everything from cellular biology to diabetes management and obesity therapies, it offers up-to-date guidelines and in-depth explorations of key metabolic processes. An essential resource for students, it provides the crucial knowledge needed to understand and address a wide range of metabolic and nutritional disorders.
Key Features
- Fully aligned to MLA requirements, with key ‘conditions’ and ‘presentations’ highlighted in handy checklists - save valuable revision time and be confident you have the syllabus covered
- Updated self-assessment section matching the latest exam formats – confirm your understanding and improve exam technique fast
About the author
By Kathryn Dunn, Final year student, St George’s University; Rohan Misra, West Hertfordshire teaching hospitals NHS trust; Rohan Patel, 4th year Pharmacology Bsc, University of Edinburgh; Lorna Russell, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust; Vinit Shah, Consultant in Endocrinology and General Internal Medicine, London North west NHS trust; Philip Xiu, MA (Cantab), MB BChir, MRCP, MRCGP, MScClinEd, FHEA, MAcadMEd, RCPathME, Honorary Senior Lecturer Leeds University School of Medicine PCN Educational Lead Medical Examiner Leeds Teaching Hospital Trust Leeds, UK and Dipesh PatelIntroduction
Eukaryotic organelles
The cell membrane
The cytoskeleton, cell motility and intracellular transport
Genetics
Epigenetics
2 Introduction to metabolism
Introductory concepts
Key molecules in metabolism
3 The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle
Introduction
Key points
4 Oxidative phosphorylation
Adenosine triphosphate generation
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation
5 Carbohydrate metabolism
Carbohydrates: a definition
Carbohydrate digestion
Glucose entry into cells
Glycolysis
The insulin:glucagon ratio influence on glycolysis
Aerobic glycolysis versus anaerobic glycolysis
Hyperlactataemia
Hereditary red cell enzymopathies
The pyruvate → acetyl-CoA reaction
Regulation of PDH
Plasma glucose concentration regulation and prevention of hypoglycaemia
Timescale of glycogenolysis versus gluconeogenesis
Gluconeogenesis
Gluconeogenic substrates
Sequence of gluconeogenesis
Key differences between gluconeogenesis and glycolysis
Regulation of gluconeogenesis
Glycogen metabolism
Glycogen stores
Glycogen structure
Glycogen synthesis (glycogenesis)
Glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis)
Regulation of glycogen metabolism
Glycogen storage diseases
The pentose phosphate pathway
Reactions of the PPP
Regulation of the PPP
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency; the failure of the PPP
Glutathione
Fructose metabolism
Genetic deficiencies of fructose metabolism
Galactose metabolism
Sorbitol metabolism
Ethanol metabolism
Impact of ethanol catabolism
6 Glucose homeostasis and diabetes mellitus
Hormonal aspects of glucose regulation
Metabolic syndrome
Diabetes mellitus
7 Lipid metabolism and lipid transport
Lipids: An introduction
Fatty acid biosynthesis
Lipid catabolism
Cholesterol
Lipid transport
Exogenous lipids
Endogenous lipids
Dyslipidaemias
Primary dyslipidaemia
Familial hypercholesteraemia
Secondary dyslipidaemias
Clinical management of dyslipidaemias
Complications of dyslipidaemia
Ketones and ketogenesis
8 Energy balance and obesity
Body composition
Energy balance
Appetite regulation: hunger and satiety
Clinical aspects of obesity
Clinical consequences of obesity
Obesity treatment strategies
9 Protein metabolism and malnutrition
The structure of proteins
Essential and non-essential amino acids
Amino acid synthesis
Biological derivatives of amino acids
Nitrogen balance
Amino acid catabolism
Protein degradation
Protein synthesis
Dietary protein
Parenteral and enteral nutrition
Refeeding syndrome
10 One-carbon transfer, purines, pyrimidines and haem
An overview of one-carbon metabolism
Purines and pyrimidines: an overview
Purine metabolism
Pyrimidines
Haem
Porphyrias
Lead poisoning
Clinical Case – Jaundice
11 The thyroid gland
Introduction
Anatomy
Histology
Thyroid hormones
Thyroid homeostasis: the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis
Secretion and transport of thyroid hormones
The function and physiology
Disorders of thyroid function
Investigations of thyroid function
12 Vitamins and their deficiencies
Introduction
Fat-soluble vitamins
Vitamin A (fat soluble)
Vitamin D (fat soluble)
Vitamin E (fat soluble)
Vitamin K (fat soluble)
Water-soluble vitamins
Thiamine: vitamin B1 (water soluble)
Riboflavin: vitamin B2 (water soluble)
Niacin: vitamin B3 (water soluble)
Pantothenic acid: vitamin B5 (water soluble)
Pyridoxine: vitamin B6 (water soluble)
Biotin: vitamin B7 (water soluble)
Folate: vitamin B9 (water soluble)
Cobalamin: vitamin B12
Vitamin C (water soluble)
13 Minerals and their deficiencies
Introduction
Sodium, potassium and chloride
Calcium
Phosphorus
Magnesium
Iron
Zinc
Copper
Iodine
Other trace elements
Useful references
14 Clinical assessment of metabolism and nutritional disorders
Introduction
History-taking
Common presenting complaints in nutritional
and metabolic disorders
Examination
Dehydration
Relevant investigations
Newborn blood spot screening
Self-Assessment
MLA High-yield association table
MLA Single best answer (SBA) questions
MLA SBA answers
OSCEs and short clinical cases