By Crispian Scully, MD, PhD, Director: WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Health-General Health; King James IV Professor Royal College of Surgeons (Edinburgh); Emeritus Professor: UCL (London) and Visiting Professor; Universities of Athens, Edinburgh, Helsinki, Hertfordshire, Middlesex and Plymouth; Ivor G. Chestnutt, BDS, MPH, PhD, FDS(DPH), RCS(Edin), DDPHRCS(Eng), FDS RCS(Eng), FDS RCPS(Glasg), MFPH, Professor and Honorary Consultant in Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Cardiff, UK and G. J. Gibson, Consultant Physician, Regional Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne